1. Intraabdominal infection and acute abdomen

Prof. Petr Štourač, MD, PhD, MBA, FESAIC, Tamara Skříšovská, MD, PhD, DESAIC

Time limit: 3 min.

Intraabdominal infection and acute abdomen
Which of the following are possible sources of an intraabdominal infection?

1. ingestion of food or drink contaminated with fecal material followed by local proliferation of enteropathogenic microorganisms 2. ascending bacterial superinfection following stasis of luminal contents in obstructive processes and transmural inflammation (e.g., fecaliths, gallstones, etc.) 3. exacerbation of chronic immune reactions and hypochlorhydria (decreased gastric acid secretion) caused by intramucosal pathogens 4. descending (hematogenous) spread of microorganisms leading to inoculation of peritoneal or retroperitoneal cavities (e.g., in ascites) 5. secondary bacterial infection following perforation or rupture of a viscus, which allows conditional pathogens to colonize the normally sterile abdominal cavity