Dive in the algorithms from the clinical practice!
Cholangoitis
Jan Hudec, Klára Fabiánková, Nhat Linh Ngo, Kristína Slobodová
Cholangitis (sometimes referred to as cholangoitis) is an inflammation of primarily the intrahepatic bile ducts. It is almost always associated with partial or complete obstruction of the bile ducts. The cause of obstruction may be choledocholithiasis, biliary strictures, primary sclerosing cholangoitis, congenital malformations or tumor obstruction of the bile ducts. Bile that stagnates in the ducts may then be infected with intestinal microorganisms (E. coli) and the process can then proceed intraparenchymatously, leading to multiple microabscesses in the liver and generalized sepsis, which is a life-threatening condition.
CNS infection
Kateřina Matoušková, Lucie Moťková, Eliška Moráňová, Mabel Šterclová
In this algorithm you will learn about infections, which affect our most important belongings. Neuroinfections can be life-threatening conditions and despite all therapy can lead to lasting health problems. So how to recognize them on time? How to treat the patient? And can we prevent these infections? Dealing with our algorithm with fluffy patients you will find answers to all these questions and a lot of other interesting information.
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
Martina Klincová, Lucie Štětková, Adéla Kotíková, Hana Krobotová
The aim of algorithm is getting to know hemolytic-uremic syndrom, which is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure in childhood. We will look at its clinical manifestations, typical laboratory findings and we will describe two basic forms of this disease. Together we will also clarify the ethiology, pathogenesis, clinical course, treatment and prognosis of hemolytic-uremic syndrom.
Ketoacidosis
Hana Harazim, Pavlína Přikrylová, Michal Reška
Ketoacidosis is an acute, life-threatening condition, which is caused by the presence of ketone bodies in the blood. The treatment has its specifics as well as drawbacks, the knowledge of which is essential for successful therapy. This algorithm is focusing on diabetic ketoacidosis, which occurs mostly in patients with type I diabetes; however, alcoholic ketoacidosis also exists, albeit being less common and having less acute progress. The algorithm introduces typical signs, carries through the therapy with a focus on addressing some of the common setbacks, and provides ways of preventing future similar conditions.
TURP syndrome
Jitka Chlupová, Petrana Relovská, Soňa Řezníčková, Kateřina Popková
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of the most common benign tumors in men. Etiology of this condition is thought to be linked to hormonal imbalance and its prevalence increases with age. If pharmacotherapy fails, a surgical procedure is the next therapeutic step, most often a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). TURP syndrome is a serious and life-threatening complication of transurethral resection of the prostate. This algorithm aims to familiarize the solver with the pathophysiology, onset risk factors, clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. At the end of this algorithm the solver should be aware that TURP syndrome can develop both during and after an uncomplicated TURP procedure.
Capnography
Vladislav Nezval, Lucie Hajnová
After a short theoretical introduction you will be able to recognise the basic artifacts and pathological situations on the capnographic waveform in total of 9 clinical cases. Among other you will be explained the significance of this method during the induction to general anaesthesia and cardiopulmonary resuscitation as well. After mastering this algorithm you can rely on this simple but important monitoring method during you clinical practice.
